Howbeit, cultivating the novel rice disease resistant species requires multi-years planting and screening experiments over plenty of rice genotypes to verify the authentic antipathogenic ability. Researchers have spared no effort in mining gene locations/markers related to rice disease resistance ability and exploring the mechanism of genetic resistance. Hence, for effectively managing and minimizing the effect of rice disease without environmental contamination, breeding rice disease resistant cultivar becomes essential. Although the usage of specialized pesticides would terminate the lethal pathogens, during the practical operation it was unavoidable to pollute the ecological environment. BB pathogens usually choose leaf wounds to invade and the infected rice leaf tends to acquire developmental wilted area on both edge and center consequently resulting in the deficiency of photosynthesis and the decrease of crop production. With the sprawl of bacterial blight in the field, ruinous damage of rice yield and grain quality is inevitable which causes huge economic loss and brings food safety problems. Oryzae ( Xoo), has been one of the most hazardous and prevalent plant diseases in major rice-producing countries. Rice bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. This study illustrated that informative VIS–NIR spectrums coupled with attention deep learning had great potential to not only directly assess disease severity but also excavate spectral characteristics for rapid screening disease resistant cultivars in high-throughput phenotyping.
The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed wavelength combination were verified by identifying the resistant cultivar, assessing the resistant ability, and spectral image visualization. On the strength of the attention mechanism inside LPnet, the most informative spectral features related to lesion proportion were further extracted and combined into a novel and refined leaf spectral index. The growth status of BB lesion at the time scale was fully revealed. In this paper, with the aim of alleviating the labor burden of plant breeding experts in the resistant cultivar screening processing and exploring the disease resistance phenotyping variation pattern, visible/near-infrared (VIS–NIR) hyperspectral images of rice leaves from three varieties after inoculation were collected and sent into a self-built deep learning model LPnet for disease severity assessment. And dynamic rice BB phenotyping study is absent from exploring the pattern of BB growth with different genotypes. However, the BB resistance cultivar selection suffers tremendous labor cost, low efficiency, and subjective human error. Breeding disease resistant cultivar becomes the eco-friendliest and most effective alternative to regulate its outburst, since the propagation of pathogenic bacteria is restrained. This present article highlights the recent progress from conventional to molecular approach in breeding for BLB disease resistant rice varieties.īacterial leaf blight Conventional breeding Gene pyramiding Molecular breeding Rice.Rice bacterial blight (BB) has caused serious damage in rice yield and quality leading to huge economic loss and food safety problems.
Although, molecular breeding cannot be taken as a substitute for conventional breeding, molecular approach for combating BLB disease in rice is worthwhile given the demand for increased production of rice in a fast growing population of our society. Biotechnology has brought another innovation in form of genetic engineering (transgenesis) of rice. Molecular breeding involving markers has facilitated the characterization and introgression of BLB disease resistance genes. Linkage drag is also a major challenge in conventional approach. In addition, conventional breeding takes a lot of time before a gene of interest can be introgressed. This is due to masking effect of genes including epistasis.
It would be difficult to select rice crops with multiple genes of resistance using the conventional approach alone.
Breeders have played a major role in developing resistant rice varieties against the BLB infection which has been adjudged to be a major disease causing significant yield reduction in rice. Breeding for disease resistant varieties remains very effective and economical in controlling the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice.
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